Wednesday, 22 January 2025

UPSC Current Affairs January 15th 2025 - Part 04

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy’s New Solar Guidelines

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has issued guidelines for implementing ‘Central Financial Assistance’ (CFA) and a ‘Payment Security Mechanism’ for rooftop solar installations.

Key Features of the Guidelines:

  • Models for Rooftop Solar Installation:
    • Renewable Energy Service Company (RESCO) Model: In this model, a private company installs and maintains the solar plant while the consumer pays for the energy used. Excess power can be sold to DISCOM under a Power Purchase Agreement.
    • Utility-Led Aggregation (ULA) Model: DISCOM or state entities install solar systems for households.
  • Central Financial Assistance (CFA):
    • Available to 1 crore residential consumers for rooftop solar installations.
    • Eligibility: RTS plants must be grid-connected and associated with a residential power connection. Solar modules must be domestically manufactured.
    • For the ULA Model, the CFA is limited to installations of up to 3 kW.
  • Payment Security Mechanism:
    • A Rs 100 crore corpus has been established to ensure timely payments to RESCO-based models, managed by the National Project Implementation Agency.

Hydrogen-Powered Train Engine by Indian Railways

Indian Railways is set to test its first hydrogen-powered train engine on the Jind-Sonipat route in Haryana. The indigenous engine, which produces 1,200 horsepower, marks India’s entry into a select group of countries (Germany, France, Sweden, and China) that have hydrogen-powered train engines.

Hydrogen as a Clean Fuel:

  • Types of Hydrogen:
    • Blue Hydrogen: Produced from natural gas, with carbon dioxide as a by-product.
    • Grey Hydrogen: Also produced from natural gas via steam methane reforming, releasing CO2.
    • Green Hydrogen: Produced through water electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources.
    • Pink Hydrogen: Generated through electrolysis powered by nuclear energy.
  • Advantages of Hydrogen:
    • Abundant: It makes up 75% of the mass of the universe.
    • Clean: Only water is produced as a by-product in fuel cells.
    • High Efficiency: More efficient compared to other energy sources.
  • Challenges:
    • High cost, complex storage and transportation, and safety concerns (flammability).

Watershed Development in PMKSY 2.0

The Watershed Development Component (WDC) of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) aims to improve land quality, water conservation, and vegetation. The program, implemented by the Department of Land Resources (DoLR) under the Ministry of Rural Development, is operational in states like Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, and Assam.

Key Features of WDC-PMKSY 2.0:

  • Area Coverage: Approx. 5,000 hectares per project (smaller in hilly regions).
  • Focus Areas:
    • Biological Methods: A shift from mechanical treatments to biological approaches.
    • Rainwater Management: Emphasizing efficient rainwater use to enhance productivity.
    • Economic Diversification: Promoting integrated farming systems for better income and risk management.
  • WDC-PMKSY 2.0 Goals: Improve climate resilience, restore degraded land, and support sustainable farming practices by addressing soil erosion, water scarcity, and land degradation.

Tags : UPSC 2025 current affairs preparation, UPSC current affairs January 2025, UPSC 2025 daily current affairs, Best sources for UPSC current affairs 2025, UPSC 2025 current affairs for prelims, UPSC 2025 current affairs for mains, Important current affairs for UPSC 2025, UPSC current affairs strategy 2025, UPSC 2025 current affairs notes, UPSC current affairs PDF 2025, Current affairs for UPSC 2025 preparation, UPSC 2025 current affairs online classes, UPSC current affairs quiz 2025, How to study current affairs for UPSC 2025, UPSC 2025 current affairs magazines, Current affairs for UPSC 2025 prelims and mains, Current affairs updates for UPSC 2025, UPSC 2025 current affairs analysis, Current affairs for UPSC 2025 PDF download, UPSC 2025 current affairs important topics,

No comments:

Post a Comment

Popular Posts