2025 Marks 75th Anniversary of India-China Diplomatic Relations

2025 Marks 75th Anniversary of India-China Diplomatic Relations

The year 2025 marks the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between India and China. Both nations aim to use this milestone as an opportunity to intensify public diplomacy efforts and organize several commemorative activities, following a recent meeting between their Foreign Secretaries.

Other Key Announcements

• Kailash Mansarovar Yatra: The yatra will resume in the summer of 2025.
• Hydrological Data Sharing: The provision of hydrological data and other cooperation concerning trans-border rivers will be resumed.
• Direct Air Services: Both countries have agreed to resume direct air connectivity.
• Additional Initiatives: These include people-to-people exchanges, media collaborations, think-tank interactions, and more.

Key Concerns in India-China Relations

• Unresolved Borders: Disputes persist over the Line of Actual Control (LAC), including the status of Aksai Chin, with no mutual agreement in place. Recent conflicts, such as those in Galwan Valley (Ladakh, 2020) and Tawang (Arunachal Pradesh, 2022), have highlighted these tensions.
• Unequal Trade: India’s trade deficit with China increased to USD 85 billion in 2023-24, up from USD 83.2 billion in 2022-23.
• China-Pakistan Nexus: China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), particularly the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), passes through territory claimed by India in the Kashmir region.
• China’s Assertiveness: China's growing presence in South Asia, through strategies like the String of Pearls, and its actions in the South China Sea, have raised concerns in the Indo-Pacific region.

Way Forward in Managing India-China Relations

• Border Issues: Resolving disputes along the LAC through agreements such as the recent one on Depsang and Demchok.
• Diplomatic Engagements: Keeping communication channels open via bilateral talks and regional cooperation platforms like BRICS and the SCO.

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